Benefit-Cost Analysis Center

The core aim of the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center is to improve the understanding and use of benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as a decision-making tool. Our research and outreach is geared toward:

  • Improving and standardizing benefit-cost analysis methodology,
  • Strengthening relationships between institutions that use it,
  • Diseminating information about its use and misuse, and
  • Expanding its use when appropriate.

This involves working with a variety of government agencies and academic professionals whose work involves benefit-cost analysis. We accomplish this through:

  • Founding the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis,
  • Convening with government benefit-cost analysts at the federal, state, and local levels, and
  • Publishing academic papers on benefit-cost analysis methodology

Recent Conferences

Advancing Social Policy-Making Through Benefit-Cost Analysis: June 24-25, 2008
First Annual Meeting for the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis: June 25-26, 2008

Find out more about benefit-cost analysis and our conferences and papers. Support for the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center is provided by the Evans School of Public Affairs and the MacArthur Foundation.

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What is benefit-cost analysis?

Benefit-cost (or cost-benefit) analysis (or BCA) aims to inform the decision-making process with specific types of information, namely measures in monetary terms of willingness to pay for a change by those who will benefit from it, and the willingness to accept the change by those who will lose from it.

The use of monetary terms provides a common metric. Its purpose is not to price everything, but rather to order choices in a way that is informative about social choices for decision makers.

Find about more about the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center and the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis.

Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis

The Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis is an international organization dedicated to the advancement, encouragement, and exchange of ideas, research, and other activities related to:

  • Benefit-Cost analysis (BCA),
  • Cost-effectiveness analysis,
  • Risk-benefit analysis,
  • Applied welfare economic analysis, and
  • Damage assessments.

This includes the intersection with other disciplines such as economics, law, engineering, policy, decision sciences and the natural sciences.

The Society has adopted the following primary goals:

  1. Bring together individuals from diverse disciplines and from different countries and provide them opportunities to foster collaboration and exchange information, ideas and methodologies related to the practice and theory of benefit-cost analysis and applied welfare economics;
  2. Encourage applications of benefit-cost and applied welfare analysis, and promote dialogue between practitioners and others who are interested in benefit-cost analysis;
  3. Facilitate the development and dissemination of knowledge about benefit-cost and applied welfare analysis methods and their applications;
  4. Develop and update standards of practice for benefit-cost and applied welfare analysis.
  5. Foster methods to improve communication and consideration of benefit-cost methods and results.

Become a member of the society by submitting a membership form (99 KB PDF).

Find out more about our Board of Directors and members and the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center.

Board of Directors & Members

Executive Officers

President: Arnold C. Harberger, University of California, Los Angeles

Vice President: Richard O. Zerbe, University of Washington

Secretary/Treasurer: Richard B. Belzer, Regulatory Checkbook

Board Members

Carol Bray, Government Accountability Office

Joe Cordes, The George Washington University

Scott Farrow, University of Maryland, Baltimore County

Glenn Jenkins, Queens University, Canada

Lisa Robinson, Independent Consultant

Kerry Smith, Arizona State University

David Weimer, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Become a member of the society by submitting a membership form (99 KB PDF).

Find out more about the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis and the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center.

Conferences & Papers

The central purpose of the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center is to disseminate information to those working in government agencies and academic institutions who use benefit-cost analysis (BCA) methodology.

Our conferences play an important role in this, and help us in reaching our goal to start a national conversation on standards to follow in applying benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as a decision-making tool.

Recent Events

Advancing Social Policy-Making Through Benefit-Cost Analysis: June 24-25, 2008

First Annual Meeting for the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis: June 25-26, 2008

To receive information about future Benefit-Cost Analysis Center events, register your contact information with us today.

Papers and Presentations

Ethical Benefit Cost Analysis as Art and Science: Ten Rules for Benefit-Cost Analysis (520 KB PDF) by Richard O. Zerbe

The Relevance of the Scitovsky Reversal Paradox for Cost-Benefit Analysis (562 KB PDF) by Andrew Schmitz of the University of Florida and Richard O. Zerbe of the Evans School of Public Affairs at the University of Washington

Measuring the Costs and the Benefits of Energy Development (300 KB PDF) by Jonathan A. Lesser, Ph.D.

 

2007 Conference Papers & Presentations

To submit a paper for inclusion on our website, please our paper submission form.

2008 Benefit-Cost Analysis Conference

Advancing Social Policy-Making Through Benefit-Cost Analysis:
Challenges and Opportunities

June 24-25, Washington, D.C.

  • Examined the role of benefit-cost analysis in social policymaking
  • Highlighted the new opportunities presented by recent uses of benefit-cost analysis in social arenas

The conference also aimed to develop strategies for making benefit-cost analysis more practical, consistent, and implementable within the social policy fields.

Overall Conference Summary (193.5 KB PDF)

Panel Presentations & Proceedings (630.2 KB PDF)

Recommendations for Future Work (179 KB PDF)

Conference Highlights

Leading scholars, practitioners, lawyers, and policymakers shared ideas about the implementation of benefit-cost analysis techniques and procedures. Conference participants also offered advice on how improve the quality of social benefit-cost analysis and increase the usage of it in regard to social programs at all levels of government.

The conference presented the following panels, highlighting recent successes of integration between benefit-cost analysis and social policymaking with an emphasis on identifying transferable lessons. The conference also focused on identifying research strategies that will make benefit-cost analysis more practical and useable in future social policymaking.

NOTE:  Not all panelists used powerpoint presentations, or have made their presentations available.

  • Key Factors Enabling Rigorous Research to Influence Policy: Lessons from Welfare, Education, and Other Areas discussed concrete examples in which rigorous research findings – including benefit-cost results – have had a meaningful impact on policy decisions, and instances when they did not. The goal was to identify key ingredients that make for successful impact.
    • Panel Chair: Jon Baron, Executive Director, Coalition for Evidence-Based Policy.  Key Factors Enabling Research to Influence Policy (355 KB PDF)
    • Robert Shea, Associate Director for OMB Administration and Government Performance, U.S. Office of Management and Budget
    • Ron Haskins, Senior Fellow and Co-Director, Center for Children and Families, Brookings Institution.  Who Cares about Random Assignment? (416 KB PDF)
    • Robert Slavin, Director, Center for Research and Reform in Education, The Johns Hopkins University; Director, Institute for Effective Education, University of York; and Co-Founder and Chairman, Success for All Foundation.  Evidence-Based Reform in Education:  Promise and Pitfalls  (1.82 MB PDF)

  • Missing Shadow Prices from Benefit-Cost Analyses of Social Programs examined how analysis of social programs can be improved by giving attention to shadow prices.
    • Panel Chair: Dave Weimer, Professor of Public Affairs and Political Science, LaFollette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin
    • Robert Haveman, John Bascom Emeritus Professor, LaFollette School of Public Affairs and Department of Economics, and Faculty Affiliate, Institute for Research on Poverty, University of Wisconsin.  Shadow Prices in Evaluating Social Programs (136 KB PDF)
    • V. Kerry Smith, W.P. Carey Professor of Economics, Arizona State University
    • Philip Cook, ITT/Terry Sanford Professor of Public Policy Studies, Professor of Economics and Sociology, and Associate Director, Terry Sanford Institute of Public Policy, Duke University.  Valuing Crime-related impacts:  the basics  (80 KB PDF)

  • Issues in the Development of Principles and Standards for Conducting Social Benefit-Cost Analysis addressed areas and process for development, historical experience, templates, and values for analysis in developing principles and standards in the field of benefit-cost analysis.

  • Keynote Speech

Find out more about the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center and Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis.

Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis Meeting

First Annual Meeting of the Society for Benefit Cost Analysis

When: June 25-26, 2008
*This meeting will follow the Advancing Social Policy-Making Through Benefit-Cost Analysis conference on June 24-25.

Where: The Liaison Capitol Hill, An Affinia Hotel, 415 New Jersey Avenue NW, Washington, D.C.
Rooms will be held until May 30 for a special meeting rate of $289 plus tax. Parking will be available for $34/day. Reserve your hotel and parking reservations at 202.638.1616.

Conference and membership registration fees:

  • Conference registration for current members: $75
  • Conference registration for nonmembers: $100
  • Membership for Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis: $75
  • Conference Registration and Membership Package: $125

Meeting Agenda

Day 1: Wednesday, June 25

  • Registration and Check-In: 11:30 a.m.-12:30 p.m.

  • Lunch with keynote speech "The Power of Measuring Social Benefits" by Jonathan Fanton, president of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, : 12:45-1:45 p.m.

  • Panel 1 – States, Localities, and Benefit-Cost Analysis: 2:30 – 3:45 p.m.
    Panel Chair: Ken Acks of the Cost Benefit Group
    • Regulatory Regime Change under Federalism: Do States Matter More? by W. Gray of Clark University and R. Shadbegian of the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth
    • The Net Social Benefit of Transforming Six Public Housing Projects into Mixed-Income Communities by T. Boston of Georgia Institute of Technology and L. Boston of EuQuant
    • A Retrospective Assessment of the Pittsburgh Midfield Airport Expansion by J. Sturgis of Carnegie Mellon University
    • Variations on a Theme: Benefit-Cost Analysis and Environmental Regulation in Pennsylvania by W. Delavan of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

  • Panel 2 – Uncertainty and Risk: 4:00-5:15 p.m.
    Panel Chair: Scott Farrow of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County
    • How to Integrate Risk Assessment and Benefit-Cost Analysis by A. Jessup, C. Nardinelli, D. Mancini, and L. Bush of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Office of Management and Budget
    • Early Identification and Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Desirable Social and Fiscal Outcomes by D. Weimer and M. Sager of the University of Wisconsin
    • The Importance of Uncertainty in a Benefit-Cost Analysis of Flood Proofing Policy Decisions for Adaptation to Sea-level Rise by M. Schultz of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and P. Fischbeck, and M. Small of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Carnegie Mellon University
    • Homeland Security Benefit-Cost Analysis: Small Steps Forward, Giant Leaps To Go by E. Shapiro of Rutgers University

  • Reception and Open-Poster Session: 5:30-6:30 p.m.
    • The Costs and Benefits of a Green Mixed-Use Brownfield Redevelopment Project in New York by K. Acks of the Cost Benefit Group
    • The Fatal Flaw of Benefit-Cost Analysis: The Problem of Person-Altering Consequences by G. Cresip of Southern Methodist University
    • Benefit-Cost Analysis in Foreign Direct Investment: Trends, Limitations, and Prospects by N. Dasgupta of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County
    • Random Error and Simulation Models with an Unobserved Dependent Variable as Applied to the Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act by S. Farrow of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County
    • A Full Cost Analysis of Using Backup Generators to Meet Peak Electricity Demand by E. Gilmore, P. Adams, and L. Lave of Carnegie Mellon University
    • Riparian Buffers and Hedonic Prices: A Quasi-Experimental Analysis of Residential Property Values in the Neuse River Basin by O. Gin, C. Landry, and G. Meyer of East Carolina University
    • Different Measures of the Value of Changes in Risks: The Reference State Matters by J. Knetsch of Simon Fraser University
    • Cost-Benefit Analysis of Mercury Control Technologies for Virginia by V. Satyal of the Virgina Department of Environmental Quality
    • Mapping Environmental Preferences for Ambiguous Natural Resources by S. Vajjhala, A. John, and D. Evans of Resources for the Future and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    • The Relevance of the Scitovsky Paradox by A. Schmitz of the University of Florida
    • Getting the Sulpher out of Gasoline: Costs and Benefits by G. Jenkins of Queen's University

  • Dinner on your own

Day 2: Thursday, June 26

  • Continental Breakfast: 7:30-8:00 a.m.

  • Panel 3 – Federal Practice: 8:00-9:15 a.m.
    Panel Chair: Betsy Cody of the Congressional Research Service
    • Benefit-Cost Analysis at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by S. Grosse of the Centers for Disease Control
    • Benefit-Cost Analysis and the Performance of Homeland Security Spending by J. Ghez of the RAND Corporation
    • Agency Capabilities and Performance in Applying Benefit-Cost Analysis by R. Belzer of the Regulatory Checkbook
    • The Influence of Economists in the Federal health, Safety and Environmental Agencies by R. Williams of George Mason University

  • Panel 4 – International Issues and Applications: 9:30-10:45 a.m.
    Panel Char: Jack Knetsch of Simon Fraser University
    • Potential Practices for Integrating International Impacts into Regulatory Impact Analyses by D. Mancini of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget
    • Socioeconomic and Financial Evaluation of Infrastructure and Transport Projects with Environmental Impacts by C. Leon, M. Ruiz, and M. Romero of the University of Las Palmas
    • Cost-Effectiveness Methods and Practice in Education: A Critical Review of Program Evaluation in Developing Countries by M. Pirog, K. Krutilla, T. Guzman, and C. Dew of Indiana University
    • Benefit-Cost Analysis and International Collective Action: The Case of Climate Change by D. Cole of Indiana University

  • Panel 5 – Time, Mortality, and Quality of Life: 11:00a.m.-12:15p.m.
    Panel Chair: TBD
    • Incorporating Nonmarket Time Into Benefit-Cost Analyses of Social Programs by D. Greenberg of the University of Maryland, and P. Robins of the University of Miami
    • Changing Profiles: Lags and the Social Rate of Time Preference by Topic by K. Patora of the Washington State Department of Ecology
    • Should Agencies Value Mortality Risk Reductions Differently Depending on the Context? by L. Robinson
    • Valuation of Quality of Life Losses Associated with Nonfatal Injury: Insights from Jury Verdict Data by D. Aiken and W. Zamula of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

  • Buffet Lunch and Society Meeting: 12:15-1:45 p.m.

  • Panel 6 – Methods Pushing Boundaries: 1:45-3:00 p.m.
    Panel Chair: David Weimer of the University of Wisconsin
    • Policy Establishment Costs: The Normative Implications for Benefit-Cost Analysis by K. Krutilla of Indiana University
    • Environmental Decisions without Benefit-Cost Analysis: A Ranking-Based Alternative by J. Horowtiz and J. Quiggin of the University of Maryland-College Park
    • The Irrelevance of the Compensation Test by R. Zerbe of the Evans School of Public Affairs at the University of Washington
    • Using Benefit Cost Analysis to Assess Nonprofit Performance by J. Cordes and C. Coventry of George Washington University 

Find out more about the Society for Benefit-Cost Analysis and the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center.

Papers & Presentations

2007 Benefit-Cost Analysis Conference Papers and Presentations

The conference was held May 18-19, 2007.

  • An Ethical Benefit-Cost Analysis by Richard Zerbe Jr.
  • Production Response to Increased Imports, Presentation (307 KB PDF) by Lynn Kennedy and Andrew Schmitz; presented by Andrew Schmitz
  • The Welfare Economics of Sharing Fixed Costs of Product Safety Regulation, Presentation (1,007 KB PDF) by Richard Just; presented by Richard Just
  • The Information Industry, Distant Use Value and the Exxon Valdez, Presentation (235 KB PDF) by R. Scott Farrow and Douglas M. Larson; presented by Scott Farrow
  • Cost-Effective Species Conservation, Presentation (768 KB PDF) by Mark Plummer

Find out more about the Benefit-Cost Analysis Center.

Related Research

Note:  The links provided mainly connect to sources outside the Center's website, either to webpages or directly to .pdf or .doc files.  Approximate sizes of PDF files have been included.  Depending on your browser settings, the files may open in your browser or automatically begin downloading.

Federal Agency Benefit-Cost Analysis Principles & Standards for Social Programs (compiled by Zerbe, Masuda, Davis) (69 KB DOC)

Office of Management and Budget, Federal Regulations, and Executive Orders:

Regulatory Right-to-Know Act of 1999
(119 KB PDF)

Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980 (29 KB PDF)

Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996
 
OMB Circular A-4 (550 KB PDF)

OMB Circular A-11 (7911 KB PDF)

OMB Circular A-94
(270 KB PDF)

White House Executive Order 12866
(810 KB PDF)

Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 (see Section 1111.1.A)
 
Department of Justice:

NIJ Resource for Evaluating Child Advocacy Centers (75 KB PDF)

Uniform Appraisal Standards for Federal Land Acquisitions

 
Housing and Urban Development:

Housing and Innovation Appraisal Process (334 KB PDF)

HUD System of Development Methodology

Housing Impact Analysis (1959 KB PDF)
 
CBA Template (183 KB DOC)

 

Department of Health & Human Services

Outcomes Measurement interpreting OMB Report of 2003 and A-94

Appendix D of Regulatory Decisions: 2003 Report to Congress on the Costs and Benefits of Federal Regulations and Unfunded Mandates on State, Local and Tribal Entities (2474 KB PDF)

Evaluating Measures of Health Benefits for Environmental, Health & Safety Regulation, Institute of Medicine

Valuing Health Outcomes: Policy Choices and Technical Issues, Resources for the Future Report

Washington State BCA Projects

Washington State Institute for Public Policy

Contact Information & Leadership

The Benefit-Cost Analysis Center is led by Richard O. Zerbe with assistance from:

Contact Information

Richard O. Zerbe
Benefit-Cost Analysis Center
Evans School of Public Affairs
University of Washington
Box 353055
Room 226 Parrington Hall
Seattle, WA 98195-3055, USA

Phone:
206-616-5470
Email: zerbe@u.washington.edu

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